A "'pinch valve "'is a full bore or fully ported type of control valve which uses a pinching effect to obstruct fluid flow.
2.
Due to the V-shape of the bit when the mouthpiece is contracted, it causes a " nutcracker " action, which has a pinching effect on the bars.
3.
When \ textstyle \ delta _ \ nu = 0, \ textstyle \ delta _ \ eta = 0 or \ textstyle h ( z ) = 1 no strength degradation, stiffness degradation or pinching effect is included in the model.